MR Spectroscopy

MRS Substudy: Brain MRS GABA Measures, Impulsivity and the Adolescent Brain

Domain overview

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The ABCD Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) Substudy was conducted in a subsample of youth enrolled in the ABCD study at the University of Utah and University of Maryland (Baltimore) sites. The aim of this study was to acquire neurometabolite/neurochemical data to determine the associations between neurometabolite/neurochemical concentrations and clinical factors such as substance use exposure and potential risk and resilience factors for substance use. Study participants were recruited from the main ABCD study cohort during their 3-Year follow-up visit.

The MRS scans were completed on a separate day than the 3-Year follow-up visit. Generally, the visits were completed +/- 30 days of each other. However, there are certain instances where the data collection was not within that time frame, and thus must be taken into consideration when analyzing measures from this substudy with ABCD core protocol measures. For the single-voxel proton spectroscopy scans (2DJ-resolved [1] and HERMES [2] ), the voxel was positioned in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), measuring 30 x 25 x 25mm 3 (LR, AP, FH axis).

Youth tables

2DJ- resolved

mrs_y_2dj

This table provide neurometabolite data acquired using the 2DJ-resolved spectroscopy sequence (Prescot & Renshaw (2013)). Data was processed using ProFit and includes information on 20 metabolites (Schulte & Boesiger (2006)).

The 2DJ output metabolite is generally referred to as a “scaled metabolite amplitude” whereby the basis spectrum is scaled to match the measured spectrum.

Key references:

HERMES

mrs_y_hermes

This table provides neurometabolite data acquired using the HERMES sequence (Saleh et al. (2016)). This data was processed using Gannet (Edden et al. (2014)) (version 3.2.1) and includes neurometabolite information for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate-glutamine (Glx), and glutathione (GSH) along with measures of data quality (fit error, signal-to-noise ratio, full-width half maximum) and voxel tissue fractions (gray matter fraction, white matter fraction, and cerebrospinal fluid fraction) for the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC).

For additional information about Gannet and the output variables, please refer to: https://markmikkelsen.github.io/Gannet-docs/index.html

Key references:

References

Edden, R. A. E., Puts, N. A. J., Harris, A. D., Barker, P. B., & Evans, C. J. (2014). Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 40(6), 1445–1452. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.24478
Prescot, A. P., & Renshaw, P. F. (2013). Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 37(3), 642–651. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.23848
Saleh, M. G., Oeltzschner, G., Chan, K. L., Puts, N. A. J., Mikkelsen, M., Schär, M., Harris, A. D., & Edden, R. A. E. (2016). NeuroImage, 142, 576–582. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.07.056
Schulte, R. F., & Boesiger, P. (2006). NMR in Biomedicine, 19(2), 255–263. https://doi.org/10.1002/nbm.1026